HP (Hewlett-Packard)メーカーT1453-90001の使用説明書/サービス説明書
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Using HP-UX VLANs HP 9000 Networking for HP-UX 11i Manufacturing P art Number: T1453-90001 E0302 U . S . A. © Copyright 2002 Hewlett-P ackard Company.
2 Legal Notices The information in this document is subject to change without notice. Hewlett-P ackard makes no warranty of any kind with regard to this manual, including , but not limited to , the implied warranties of merchantability and fitness f or a particular purpose .
Contents 3 1. What are HP-UX VLANs? HP-UX VLAN F eatures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 Benefits of HP-UX VLANs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Contents 4 Using lanadmin to Delete a VLAN . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52 A. Troubleshooting Diagnostic Flowcharts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
T ables 5 T able 1-1. Needed P atches for HP-UX VLANs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 T able 2-1. Summary of VLAN T agging Assignment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24 T able 2-2. Allow able V alues for P arameters in vlanconf File .
T ables 6.
F igures 7 Figure 1-1. VLANs (V irtual LANs) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 Figure 1-2. IEEE 802.1Q VLAN T ag in Ethernet F rame . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 Figure 1-3. VLANS Overlapping or Sharing the Same LAN Card P ort .
F igures 8.
Chapter 1 9 1 What are HP-UX VLANs?.
What are HP-UX VLANs? Chapter 1 10 A Virtual LAN (VLAN) is a logical or virtual network segment that can span multiple physical network segments. Using VLANs , you can group switched-network end-stati.
What are HP-UX VLANs? Chapter 1 11 VLANs create broadcast domains using switches instead of routers . While VLANs in some environments may reduce the number of routers needed (and their latency), you still need a router if you want the VLANs to communicate with each other .
What are HP-UX VLANs? HP-UX VLAN Features Chapter 1 12 HP-UX VLAN F eatures F ollowing are some of the features of HP-UX VLANs: • HP-UX VLANs are implemented with host-based IEEE 802.1Q/p compliant tagging to allow configuring multiple VLANs on a given Ethernet LAN card based on their IP-subnet, protocol, or LAN card port.
What are HP-UX VLANs? Benefits of HP-UX VLANs Chapter 1 13 Benefits of HP-UX VLANs The advantages of HP-UX VLANs are: • Physically dispersed workgroups can be logically connected within the same broadcast domain to appear as if they are on the same physical LAN .
What are HP-UX VLANs? T ypes of VLANs Supported by HP-UX Chapter 1 14 Types of VLANs Supported by HP-UX The types of HP-UX VLANs that you can create are as follows: • NIC-P ort Based--A group of physical LAN card ports belong to the same layer -2 broadcast domain.
What are HP-UX VLANs? HP-UX VLAN T agging Chapter 1 15 HP-UX VLAN T agging Network switches and end stations that know about VLANs are said to be VLAN-aware . Network switches and end stations that can interpret VLAN tags are said to be VLAN-tag-aware .
What are HP-UX VLANs? HP-UX VLAN T agging Chapter 1 16 Figure 1-3 VLANS Overlapping or Sharing the Same LAN Card P ort Server HP Gigabit or F ast Ethernet LAN Card P ort VLAN0 VLAN1024.
What are HP-UX VLANs? System and Software Requirements Chapter 1 17 System and Software Requirements F ollowing are the hardware and softw are requirements for VLANs as of March 2002: • Type of HP System Required — HP-UX Precision Architecture (P A-RISC).
What are HP-UX VLANs? System and Software Requirements Chapter 1 18 SAM PHCO_25866 * Either the 100Base-T or Gigabit patch may be optional depending on which link type you have .
What are HP-UX VLANs? Supported Switches Chapter 1 19 Supported Switches HP-UX VLANs are supported with switches that implement IEEE 802.1Q-compliant VLAN tagging.
What are HP-UX VLANs? Unsupported Functionality Chapter 1 20 Unsupported Functionality HP-UX VLANs do not support the following functionality: • GARP VLAN registration protocol (GVRP) is currently not supported. HP-UX VLANs will not send GVRP messages or interpret them.
Chapter 2 21 2 Overview of Installation and Configuration.
Overview of Installation and Configuration Planning HP-UX VLANs Chapter 2 22 Planning HP-UX VLANs The following requirements must be satisfied before setting up VLANs in an HP-UX network: • In ord.
Overview of Installation and Configuration How to Configure VLANs on the Switch Chapter 2 23 How to Configure VLANs on the Switch IEEE 802.1Q compliant devices and legacy/untagged VLANs can coexist on the same networks, but legacy/untagged VLANS require a separate link, whereas the 802.
Overview of Installation and Configuration How to Configure VLANs on the Switch Chapter 2 24 T able 2-1 Summary of VLAN T agging Assignment VLANs P er P ort T agging Scheme 1 Untagged or T agged. If the device connected to the port is 802.1Q-compliant, then the recommended choice is “T agged.
Overview of Installation and Configuration How to Configure VLANs on HP-UX Chapter 2 25 How to Configure VLANs on HP-UX Choose Configuration Method: Use SAM; Edit vlanconf; Use lanadmin There are .
Overview of Installation and Configuration Configuration Process Chapter 2 26 Configuration Process F ollowing are the steps to configure HP-UX VLANs. These steps are for defining VLAN membership, assigning names , VLAN IDs, and port assignments .
Overview of Installation and Configuration Properties of a VLAN Chapter 2 27 Properties of a VLAN When a VLAN is created on a given LAN card port, (see “Creating a VLAN”), the system generates a virtual PP A or VPP A whic h can be used to send and receive 802.
Overview of Installation and Configuration Special Case of VLAN ID 0--Priority T agged Frames Chapter 2 28 Special Case of VLAN ID 0--Priority T agged F rames VLAN ID 0 means that the frame doesn’t belong to any VLAN but has 802.1p priority information.
Overview of Installation and Configuration Allowable V alues for HP VLANs Chapter 2 29 Allowable V alues for HP VLANs T able 2-2 lists the allowable values for configuring VLANs in the /etc/rc.config.d/vlanconf file. It describes the parameter functions , default values , and allowable ranges .
Overview of Installation and Configuration Allowable V alues for HP VLANs Chapter 2 30 1 Default is an empty string; lanadmin will display it as UNNAMED .
Overview of Installation and Configuration Using VLANs with MC/ServiceGuard Chapter 2 31 Using VLANs with MC/ServiceGuard Y ou can create MC ServiceGuard fail-over groups with VLANs as long as the primary and standby links are both VLAN interfaces with the same VLAN ID .
Overview of Installation and Configuration How is 802.1p Priority Set? Chapter 2 32 How is 802.1p Priority Set? IP packets are classified and marked into different priority levels and the markings are transported through a type of service (T oS) octet in the IPv4 header and a traffic class field in the IPv6 header .
Overview of Installation and Configuration How do Pri and T oS Override Affect My Inbound and Outbound frames? Chapter 2 33 How do Pri and T oS Override Affect My Inbound and Outbound frames? Consider the following command.
Overview of Installation and Configuration How do Pri and T oS Override Affect My Inbound and Outbound frames? Chapter 2 34 CONF_TOS VLAN T ag priority comes from T oS to 802.
Overview of Installation and Configuration Setting 802.1p Priority , T oS, and Overrides Chapter 2 35 Setting 802.1p Priority , T oS, and Overrides 802.1p priority is the priority in the tag in the frame header . Switches can use the 802.1p priority .
Overview of Installation and Configuration Where to Get More Information Chapter 2 36.
Chapter 3 37 3 Configuring VLANs Using SAM.
Configuring VLANs Using SAM Configuring VLANs Using SAM Chapter 3 38 Configuring VLANs Using SAM Y ou can use SAM to configure VLANs by completing the following steps: 1. Log in as root . 2. Check the HP-UX version by typing: uname -a . The version should be HP-UX 11i (11.
Configuring VLANs Using SAM Configuring VLANs Using SAM Chapter 3 39 6. On the Virtual LAN screen, available VLAN-aw are cards are displayed. When you select a LAN card and then use the Create VLAN pulldown (Figure 3-2), the Create VLAN screen appears (F igure 3-3).
Configuring VLANs Using SAM Configuring VLANs Using SAM Chapter 3 40 Figure 3-3 Create Virtual LANs After you have assigned a VLAN ID , the VLAN then shows on the main screen with the status Not Configured . Y ou then highlight the VLAN , and select the Configure IP Address pulldown action.
Configuring VLANs Using SAM Configuring VLANs Using SAM Chapter 3 41 On the Modify VLAN Properties screen, the fields are all optional; the data elements are the same as discussed in the chapter “Overview of Installation and Configuration:” VLAN name, VPP A, priority , T oS , and overrides.
Configuring VLANs Using SAM Configuring VLANs Using SAM Chapter 3 42.
Chapter 4 43 4 Configuring VLANs by Editing vlanconf F ile.
Configuring VLANs by Editing vlanconf File Modifying P arameters in vlanconf File Chapter 4 44 Modifying P arameters in vlanconf File F ollowing is the format of the /etc/rc.config.d/vlanconf file . T o permanently save changes to this file , either use SAM or use a text editor such as “vi.
Configuring VLANs by Editing vlanconf File Modifying P arameters in vlanconf File Chapter 4 45 # priority. Only for # IP packets. For non-IP # packets, CONF_PRI # will be used. # CONF_TOS - User specified ToS, taken # from VLAN_TOS[] will be # converted to # 802.
Configuring VLANs by Editing vlanconf File Modifying P arameters in vlanconf File Chapter 4 46 # VLAN_ID[1]= # VLAN_PRIORITY[1]= # VLAN_TOS[1]= # VLAN_PRI_OVERRIDE[1]= # VLAN_TOS_OVERRIDE[1]= # VLAN_.
Using lanadmin -V to Administer VLANs Chapter 5 47 5 Using lanadmin -V to Administer VLANs.
Using lanadmin -V to Administer VLANs Using the lanadmin -V Command for Administering VLANs Chapter 5 48 Using the lanadmin -V Command for Administering VLANs T o configure VLANs, you use either the GUI-based system admin manager (SAM) or edit the configuration file with an editor .
Using lanadmin -V to Administer VLANs Using the lanadmin -V Command for Administering VLANs Chapter 5 49 CONF_TOS or CONF_PRI) [pri_override <level>(CONF_PRI,IP_HEADER or CONF_TOS)] <vppa>.
Using lanadmin -V to Administer VLANs Using the lanadmin -V Command for Administering VLANs Chapter 5 50 The VLAN (lan5000) appears in lanscan output just like a physical interface. VPP As are identified by the string “ VLANx ” in the hardw are path, where x is a number and is unique per VPP A.
Using lanadmin -V to Administer VLANs Using the lanadmin -V Command for Administering VLANs Chapter 5 51 Querying for a Single VPP A on a System Y ou can query the Virtual PP A using the following command: lanadmin -V info <vppa> The info command will return the output in the following format when successful.
Using lanadmin -V to Administer VLANs Using the lanadmin -V Command for Administering VLANs Chapter 5 52 lanadmin -V modify vlanid 53 pri 3 5000 Successfully modified lan5000 Old value: vlanid 454 pri.
Using lanadmin -V to Administer VLANs Using the lanadmin -V Command for Administering VLANs Chapter 5 53 lanadmin -V delete 5000 The lanadmin -p <PPA> , command alwa ys displays the displays the applications and commands that use or are configured on the interface.
Using lanadmin -V to Administer VLANs Using the lanadmin -V Command for Administering VLANs Chapter 5 54.
Appendix A 55 A T roubleshooting.
T roubleshooting Appendix A 56 This chapter provides guidelines for troubleshooting VLANs . It contains the following sections: • Diagnostic Flowcharts .
T roubleshooting Diagnostic Flowc harts Appendix A 57 Diagnostic Flowcharts T able A-1 summarizes the types of network tests in the diagnostic flowcharts . F ollow the flowcharts in sequence beginning with Flowchart 1. T able A-1 Flowchart Descriptions Chart Type of T est Purpose 1 Link Level T ests Checks communications between link levels .
T roubleshooting Flowchart 1: Link Level T ests Appendix A 58 Flowchart 1: Link Level T ests Check communications between link levels on the source and target host using the linkloop , lanscan , and lanadmin commands. The source interface should be a VPP A, that is, a PP A corresponding to a VLAN interface.
T roubleshooting Flowchart 1: Link Level T ests Appendix A 59 Figure A-1 Flowchart 1 Link Level lanscan and lanadmin Tests Tests linkloop Test.
T roubleshooting Flowchart 1: Link Level T ests Appendix A 60 Flowchart 1a: Linkloop T est Figure A-2 Flowchart 1a Linkloop YES Linkoop successful? NO Test Execute NO Re-check remote host address YES .
T roubleshooting Flowchart 1: Link Level T ests Appendix A 61 Flowchart 1a Procedures • Execute linkloop to remote host. If linkloop is successful, continue to Network T est.
T roubleshooting Flowchart 1: Link Level T ests Appendix A 62 Flowchart 1b: lanscan and lanadmin T est Figure A-3 Flowchart 1b lanscan YES Problem fixed? NO YES YES Execute Is your interface executing.
T roubleshooting Flowchart 1: Link Level T ests Appendix A 63 Flowchart 1b Procedures • Execute lanscan command and verify your interface is displayed by the system. — If it is displayed, run lanscan -v to ensure the VLAN ID is correct. If so, return to the network T est.
T roubleshooting Flowchart 2: Network Le vel T ests Appendix A 64 Flowchart 2: Network Level T ests Figure A-4 Flowchart 2 Network Tests ARP Test ping Test Level.
T roubleshooting Flowchart 2: Network Le vel T ests Appendix A 65 Flowchart 2 Procedures • See Flowchart 2a to validate ARP entries and remote host availability . • See Flowchart 2b to check communication between network la yers on source and target host using ping.
T roubleshooting Flowchart 2: Network Le vel T ests Appendix A 66 Flowchart 2a: ARP T est Figure A-5 Flowchart 2a ARP Test YES Remote host up? NO NO YES ping Test Bring up Use ARP to Is remote host ca.
T roubleshooting Flowchart 2: Network Le vel T ests Appendix A 67 Flowchart 2a Procedures • Use ARP to verify that an entry exists for the remote host in your system's ARP cache by executing arp hostname • If there is no ARP entry for the remote host, check to see if the remote host is up.
T roubleshooting Flowchart 2: Network Le vel T ests Appendix A 68 Flowchart 2b: ping T est Figure A-6 Flowchart 2b ping Test ping successful? NO YES Execute ping remotehost Validate network, remote ho.
T roubleshooting Flowchart 2: Network Le vel T ests Appendix A 69 Flowchart 2b Procedures • Execute ping to remote host using ping . • If ping is successful, stop. If not, validate network, remote host, and configuration settings. V erify the routing tables using the netstat -rn command.
T roubleshooting Flowchart 2: Network Le vel T ests Appendix A 70 Flowchart 2b (continued): Figure A-7 Flowchart 2b (continued) YES NO NO YES Network NO Correct BIND, YP, Call HP YES successful ping n.
T roubleshooting Flowchart 2: Network Le vel T ests Appendix A 71 Flowchart 2b (continued) Procedures • If network unreachable error , go to the Configuration T ests . • If no response from ping, validate switc hes in path support VLANs and remote host supports them as well.
T roubleshooting NetTL T race and Log of VLANs Appendix A 72 NetTL T race and Log of VLANs The nettl tool can be used to troubleshoot VLANs. F ollowing is a sample trace output from a Gigabit Ethernet.
T roubleshooting NetTL T race and Log of VLANs Appendix A 73 Device ID : 1 Path ID : -1 Connection ID : 0 Location : 00123 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ Received 1480 bytes via Ethernet Wed Nov 07 11:08:03.
T roubleshooting NetTL T race and Log of VLANs Appendix A 74.
Glossary 75 Glossary 802.1p: IEEE Standard supplement, now incorporated in IEEE 802.1D . Defines 8 priority levels for traffic classification at the data link level and suggests how they might be used. 802.1Q: IEEE Standard that specifies the architecture for VLAN tagging , association, and VLAN-capable bridges.
Glossar y IP: Glossary 76 IP: Internet protocol. IP Address: See Internet Address glossary entry . LAN: See Local Area Network. Local Area Network (LAN): A data communications system that allows a number of independent devices to communicate with each other .
Glossar y VPP A: Glossary 77 Virtual PP A or VPP A: Virtual Interfaces which are dynamically created by you (using lanadmin or SAM). The interfaces are “virtual” because they do not have a unique hardware instance . A virtual PP A is the PP A associated with a VLAN .
Glossar y Virtual PP A or VPP A: Glossary 78.
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